Cannabis plant named ‘AVI-1’

ABSTRACT

The disclosure relates to a new and distinct cultivar of  Cannabis Sativa  L. ssp.  indica  plant named ‘AVI-1’ characterized by a high amount of Cannabidiol (CBD) (16.3%) and a very low amount of Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, 0.8%).

Latin name of the genus and species of the plant claimed: CannabisSativa L.

Variety denomination: ‘AVI-1’.

BACKGROUND

The disclosure is directed to a new and distinct cultivar of CannabisSativa plant named ‘AVI-1’, also known as ‘Avidekel’, characterized by ahigh amount of Cannabidiol (CBD) (16.3%) and a very low amount ofTetrahydrocannabinol (THC, 0.8%).

SUMMARY

Provided herein is a new and distinct Cannabis Sativa L. plant named‘AVI-1’, characterized by a high amount of Cannabidiol (CBD) of greaterthan approximately 16% and a very low amount of Tetrahydrocannabinol(THC) of less than 1%, as illustrated and described herein.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a single fully grown plant of the variety;

FIG. 2 illustrates a single leaf of the variety;

FIG. 3 illustrates a flowering plant in close-up; and

FIG. 4 illustrates a dried bud.

DESCRIPTION

This invention relates to a new hybrid marijuana plant, Cannabis sativaL. named ‘AVI-1’. The ‘AVI-1’ is a medicinal variety of marijuananotable for a high amount of Cannabidiol (CBD) (16.3%) and a very lowamount of THC (0.8%). It is noted that CBD and THC content variedconsiderably between lots, different plants within a lot, and evendifference between flowers form the same inflorescence. The extractionmethod and the HPLC procedure for determining THC and CBD content werewell known in the art e.g., De Backera et al. (2009) Innovativedevelopment and validation of an HPLC/DAD method for the qualitative andquantitative determination of major cannabinoids in Cannabis plantmaterial. J. of Chromatography B, 877: 4115-4124.

The present plant was developed over 3 years through selective breedingand asexual propagation using stem cutting of a selected feminized-plantat the inventor's farm, Farm 275, Birya 1380500, in Israel. The inventorgrew, in one field, a mix of feminized, hermaphrodite and male plantsthat were high-CBD or low-THC. The plants flowered simultaneously. As aresult, male flowers dispersed pollen, which transferred by wind andpollinated the female flowers, without human intervention. At the timeplants reached maturation, the inventor had collected seeds as a bulk,and established B202 population. Subsequently, seeds, from the B202population, were seeded and cultivated for the sake of selection. Assoon the B202 plants were over 25 cm height, each plant was asexualpropagated by using stem cutting methods. With cloned plants as backing,the original plants from B202 population sent to flowering. The variety‘AVI-1’ derived directly from a single-plant selection, out of theflowering B202 population. Since the first selection, only asexualpropagations were carried out. Through generations of asexualreproduction the unique features of this cultivar have proven to bestable and true to type.

‘AVI-1’ is an annual and dioecious plant where flowering are underelongated night condition. The size of an individual plant that developsfrom cutting, five weeks old in veg (18 h light) and 7-8 weeks intoflowering (12 h light), can reach 60 cm in height.

The plant may be grown outside in a normal warm summer, including manylocations below 50N and virtually all climates below 45N

PLANT

-   Exposed plant structure: The Plant is an annual, dioecious plant    with bush-like stature. The natural height at 5 months old of indoor    growth is −130 cm. A detailed list of characteristics follows:    -   -   Botanical classification.—Cannabis sativa L.        -   Parentage.—Unknown.        -   Propagation.—Stem cuttings.        -   Time to initiate roots in summer.—        -   Plant description.—Annual, dioecious flowering shrub;            multi-stemmed; freely branching; removal of the apical            meristem of main stem enhances lateral branch development.        -   Root description.—Short taproot (less than 30 cm). Medium to            fine, dense lateral roots; white in color, brownish when            “potbound” (rootbound).-   First year stems:    -   -   Shape.—Round. Fine pubescence.        -   First year stem color.—Young stem: 144C older stems: 144A            (The Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart).        -   First year stem diameter.—Is 4.5 cm.        -   First year trunk diameter.—Is 7.5 cm at the soil line.        -   Stem strength.—Lateral stems are strong but benefit from            being staked during flowering.        -   Internodes' length.—6 cm in the lower half and 4cm in the            upper half.        -   Stem/canopy description.—Erect, furrowed, hollow, tall, well            branched with linear stipules. Stem's phyllotaxis is spiral            with 144° between adjacent nodes. Canopy is densely branched            at pubescent. Perpendicular section of young plant's stem is            round, and hollow in the center. Perpendicular section of            flowering plant's stem is crescent. Cover with fine            trichomes (hair).        -   Internode length.—Up to 5 cm. Maximum internode length            achieved during vigorous vegetative growth. The shape of            naturally grown plant is pyramidal. It's formatted due to            the apical dominance that allows the elongation of remote            branches from the top of the main stem. The main stem has            the following characteristics: the plant has an average            canopy diameter of 40 cm, the main stem has a diameter of            9.9 mm, a short inter-node length, a shallow grove depth,            absent of pith in cross section, the color is in the yellow            green group (146-B or 146-C) with non-glandular, cystolithic            hair (trichomes). The mean length of the stipule is 7.6 mm            with a standard deviation of 0.5 mm. The mean width of the            stipule is 0.6 mm with a standard deviation of 0.1 mm and a            range of 0.5-0.7 mm. The color of the stipule is green group            N137A, C. The shape of the stipule is acicular (needle).        -   Branch strength.—Strong.        -   Branch description.—Branches are short, densely branched            with short, broad leaflets.-   Foliage description:    -   -   Leaf arrangement.—Palmately compound (digitate) leaves with            5 or 7 leaflets on big fan leaves and on small fan leaves            per leaf. The leaf arrangement is spiral phyllotaxis, 137.5°            between adjacent leaves, counter-clockwise. At the shoot            tip: 2:3 phyllotaxis of nascent leaves. For mature leaves, ⅖            phyllotaxis that draw five vertical rows of leaves along the            stem and a 720° spiral between six adjacent leaves (five            gaps). Texture (upper and lower surfaces). Upper surface            scabrid with non-visible stiff hairs; lower surface more or            less densely pubescent, covered with sessile glands.        -   Venation pattern.—Netlike, Palmately Compound), with            serrated leaflets. Each serrated leaflets have a lateral            vein extending to its tip from the central (primary) vein of            the leaflet. From each lateral vein there is usually a            single spur vein (sublateral vein) extending to the notch of            each serration. Color of emerging foliage (upper surface). A            cross between 144A and 144C (The Royal Horticultural Society            Color Chart, 1995 Edition.) Leaf color are green (N137B) and            yellow green group (146A). The leaves have a fragrance of            weak lemony. The length of the leaf is 14.3 cm with a            standard deviation of 1.2 cm. The average width of the leaf            is 10.7 cm with a standard deviation of 1.4 cm. The length            of the central leaflet is 11.1 cm with a standard deviation            of 0.9 cm. The width of the central leaflet is 2.4 cm with a            standard deviation of 0.1 cm. The mean blade/total length            ratio is 70.9% with a standard deviation of 5.0% and a range            of 62.8-75.8%. The mean blade width/length ratio is 22.8%            with a 1.5% standard deviation of 1.5% and a range of            21.0-24.7%. The mean leaflets number is 5. The Adaxial side            color is green group N137A, C and the abaxial side color is            green group 137C.        -   Petiole length.—Average length of petiole is 29-33% of total            length of the leave. The fan of the leaves is about 7 cm.            More than 30% of the petioles are yellow green group 146C.            The color anthocyanine is in the grey orange group GrOG            165-A. It has weak anthocyanin which is about 40%. Leaflets            are lanceolate and have serrated margins. The middle leaflet            is the longest and the wider. The bottom two leaflets are            angled +90° with the center The leaflets are divided            symmetrically by the central vain extending from the petiole            to leaflet tip. Lateral veins extending from the central            (primary) vein of the leaflet to the serration tips.-   Flower bud description: Dried flower buds are deep dark green and    highly resinous. Fragrance is weaker than similar varieties, having    an earthy medicinal berry smell.-   Flower description:    -   -   Inflorescence is cone.—Or head-like, dense cluster of false            spikes with solitary flowers instead of cymes. Enclosed by            glandular, beaked bracteole. Bracts and Calyxesare densely            covered with trichomes. The bracts with the bracteoles are            covered with multicellular glandular and sessile trichomes.            For young flowers, the bract has an average length of 9 mm,            width of 1 mm with a linear, slender, narrow shape in a            yellow green color (146-B). The Bracteole has an average            length of 10 mm, width of 4 mm, cordate shape that wraps the            ovary (gynoecium) in a yellow green color (146-C). For            mature flower, the bract has an average length of 10 mm,            width of 1 mm, linear, slender and narrow shape in a yellow            green color (149-C). The Bracteole has an average length of            10 mm, 5 mm width, acuminate, curled shape in a yellow green            color (146-C). Flowers are often paired. Petals are absent.        -   Spike length.—Ranges between 5 cm and 3 cm.        -   Pistils description.—White, few, short, brown at maturation.            For young flower, the pistil is monocarpous and has two            stigmas. The average length of the pistil is 6 mm in a            yellow green color (149-C). For mature flower, the pistil is            monocarpous and has two stigmas. The average length of the            pistil is 3.5 mm in a grey orange color (163-A).        -   Dried flower colour.—Dried flower buds are a deep, dark            green (146-B and 146C). Pistil color is grey orange (167-A)            with an average pistil length of 3 mm. The pedicel has an            average length of 4 mm. The peduncle has a yellow green            color (148-B).        -   Flower size.—About 1 cm in diameter and about 1.1 cm in            height. Visually, a single female flower is green, sessile,            bracteoles, fused calyx and two stigmata; flower length 8-10            mm, stigmata length 3-6 mm. The flowers are 100% female            (feminized). Flower fragrance is medium pine, fruity and            lemony.        -   Flowering time.—8 weeks: about 50 days from flipping to            short day regime (12 h light+12 h dark).-   Pistillate (female) inflorescence: Panicle like, congested cluster    of sessile female flowers that create conical-cylinder    inflorescence. The resins, that contain the cannabinoids, accumulate    in the glandular glands. Stigmata colure of young flower    yellow-green 145C, mature (week before harvest) Greyed orange group    165B. At maturation flower colure Green Group 138B. At maturation    inflorescence length, can reach up to 20 cm. Dry flower, bud's leaf    is 137B (Green group) in the adaxial side of the leaf and 137C in    the abaxial. a medium to dark green, with orange 25B-stigmata.-   Peduncles:    -   -   Strength.—Strong, but can bend horizontally from weight of            flower buds.        -   Texture.—Moderately smooth, glabrous.        -   Pedicels description.—Short, scabrid with sessile glands and            visible hairs.

The plant variety is similar to the Erez, also a Cannabis indicasubspecies.

The inflorescence contains a high amount of Cannabidiol (CBD) (16.3%)and a very low amount of THC (0.8%). This enables patients to obtain themedicinal benefits of CBD, without the psychoactive effects of THC. As acomparison, Erez has about 18% THC and 0.7% CBD. The day to maturationfor ‘AVI-1’ is about 56 days and for Erez is about 65 days.

There are no fruits in these plants. Resistance/susceptibility to plantdisease and pest are not observed to date.

Prefers ‘soft water’; consider filtering the tap water if it has an EChigher than 0.6

Light was provided at a power of 600W BPS; plant distance from light was100-120 cm.

TABLE 1 USDA Plants Growth Habit Code Forb/herb Vigor 4.5/5 ProductivityGood - 500 g/m2 indoor, 250-400 g/plant outdoor Male flowering timing 8weeks Branches strong Fruit bloated THC level 0.8% CBD level 16.3%

TABLE 2 A crop was grown in a green house having the following times ofgrowth cycle operations: date of cutting 21 Apr. 2011 date transferredto cones pot of 0.8 liter 27 Apr. 2011 Date of moved to pot of 11 liters23 May 2011 Date of taking clones 3 Jun. 2011 Date - start to flower 27Jun. 2011 Ending flowering 23 Aug. 2011 wet flowers (grams) 524 wetleaves (grams) 250 wet branches (grams) 230.2 dry flowers (grams) 132.6Mothers 1-1.5 meter Pot size 25 L

Permits are required for growth of medical marijuana in certain statesin the US and Israel.

The invention claimed is:
 1. A new and distinct Cannabis Sativa L. plantnamed ‘AVI-1’, characterized by a high amount of Cannabidiol of greaterthan approximately 16% and a very low amount of THC of less than 1%, asillustrated and described herein.